Get to Know Hatch

Our Python packaging tutorials use the tool Hatch. While there are many great packaging tools out there, we have selected Hatch because:

1. It is an end-to-end tool that supports most of the steps required to create a quality Python package. Beginners will have fewer tools to learn if they use Hatch.

2. It supports different build back-ends if you ever need to compile code in other languages.

3. As a community, pyOpenSci has decided that Hatch is a user-friendly tool that supports many different scientific Python use cases.

In this tutorial, you will install and get to know Hatch a bit more before starting to use it.

You need two things to successfully complete this tutorial:

1. You need Python installed.

2. You need Hatch installed.

Important

If you don’t already have Python installed on your computer, Hatch will do it for you when you install Hatch.

Install Hatch

To begin, follow the operating-system-specific instructions below to install Hatch.

MAC

Follow the instructions here.

• Download the latest GUI installer for MAC hatch-universal.pkg.

• Run the installer and follow the setup instructions.

• If your terminal is open, then restart it.

Windows

• In your browser, download the correct .msi file for your system: hatch-x64.msi

• Run your downloaded installer file and follow the on-screen instructions.

Linux

We suggest that you install Hatch using pipx on Linux. however, if you prefer another method, check out the Hatch installation documentation for other methods.

# First install pipx
> apt install pipx
# Then install hatch using pipx
> pipx install hatch

Check that hatch installed correctly

Once you have completed the installation instructions above, you can open your terminal, and make sure that Hatch installed correctly using the command below:

hatch --version
# Hatch, version 1.9.4

Note the version number output of hatch --version will likely be different from the output above in this tutorial.

Tip

Hatch can also be installed directly using pip or conda. We encourage you to follow the instructions above because we have found that the Hatch installers for Windows and Mac are the easiest and most efficient.

Our Linux users have found success installing Hatch with pipx if they already use apt install.

Both approaches (using a graphical installer on Windows/Mac and pipx) ensure that you have Hatch installed globally. A global install means that Hatch is available across all of your Python environments on your computer.

Configure Hatch

Once you have installed Hatch, you can customize its configuration. This includes setting the default name and setup for every package you create. While this step is not required, we suggest that you do it.

Hatch stores your configuration in a config.toml file.

While you can update the config.toml file through the command line, it might be easier to look at and update it in a text editor if you are using it for the first time.

Step 1: Open and Edit Your config.toml File

To open the config file in your file browser, run the following command in your shell:

hatch config explore

This will open up a directory window that allows you to double-click on the file and open it in your favorite text editor.

You can also retrieve the location of the Hatch config file by running the following command in your shell:

hatch config find
# hatch config --help will show you all the options for config.

Step 2 - update your email and name

Once the file is open, update the [template] table of the config.toml file with your name and email. This information will be used in any pyproject.toml metadata files that you create using Hatch.

[template]
name = "firstName LastName"
email = "your-email@your-domain.org"

Step 3

Next, set tests to false in the [template.plugins.default] table.

While tests are important, setting the tests configuration in Hatch to true will create a more complex pyproject.toml file. You won’t need to use this feature in this beginner friendly tutorial series but we will introduce it in later tutorials.

Your config.toml file should look something like the one below.

mode = "local"
project = ""
shell = ""

[dirs]
project = []
python = "isolated"
data = "/Users/your/path/Application Support/hatch"
cache = "/Users/your/path/Library/Caches/hatch"

[dirs.env]

[projects]

[publish.index]
repo = "main"

[template]
name = "Leah Wasser"
email = "leah@pyopensci.org"

[template.licenses]
headers = true
default = [
    "MIT",
]

[template.plugins.default]
tests = false
ci = false
src-layout = true

[terminal.styles]

Also notice that the default license option is MIT. While we will discuss license in more detail in a later lesson, the MIT license is the recommended permissive license from choosealicense.com and as such we will use it for this tutorial series.

You are of course welcome to select another license.

Step 4: Close the config file and run hatch config show

Once you have completed the steps above run the following command in your shell.

hatch config show

hatch config show will print out the contents of your config.toml file in your shell. look at the values and ensure that your name, email is set. Also make sure that tests=false.

Hatch features

Hatch offers a suite of features that will make creating, publishing and maintaining your Python package easier.

Comparison to other tools

We compared Hatch to several of the other popular packaging tools in the ecosystem including flit, pdm and poetry. Learn more here

More on Hatch here

A few features that Hatch offers

1. it will convert metadata stored in a setup.py or setup.cfg file to a pyproject.toml file for you (see Migrating setup.py to pyproject.toml using Hatch)

2. It will help you by storing configuration information for publishing to PyPI after you’ve entered it once.

Use hatch -h to see all of the available commands.

What’s next

In the next lesson you’ll learn how to package and make your code installable using Hatch.